- Introduction to basic aerodynamics and aircraft systems
- Preparation of documentation and weight and balance calculations
- Detailed step by step charts for takeoff, climb, cruise, descent, and landing
- Emergency checklists for engine failures, electrical issues, and medical situations
- Navigation methods including VOR, GPS, and visual references
- Identify the type of report—METAR, TAF, or ATIS.
- Translate abbreviations into plain English.
- Cross reference wind speed and direction with current conditions.
- Before each flight, review the checklist section verbally to set mental expectations.
- During cruise, glance at navigation tables to confirm position relative to waypoints.
- When handling unexpected events, consult emergency pages specifically designed for rapid recall.
| Flight Phase | Typical Weight Class | Maximum Mach Number | Recommended Altitude Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Takeoff | Light (under 12,500 lbs) | 0.65 | 10,000 ft |
| Cruise | Heavy (over 12,500 lbs) | 0.80 | 25,000 ft |
| Descent | All | 0.75 | 5,000 ft |